Collaborative Governance of Public Health: A Cultural and Ethical Perspective on Predicting Citizens' Trust in Public Health Services During Medical Emergencies

Over the years, citizens' expectations of the healthcare sector have increased, especially after the sudden outbreak of COVID-19. Additionally, citizens are becoming more conscious of having a healthier lifestyle based on several environmental and economic issues prevailing worldwide. Hence, empirically testing the predictors of providing excellent public healthcare services and enhancing the resultant citizens' trust in such services is of utmost significance. Simultaneously, the critical role of healthcare workers' capacity in providing quality services to patients in public health institutions and improving healthcare services to develop citizens' trust needs has been considered in this study. Based on a quantitative survey, the current study collected data from 460 individuals regarding three collaborative governance practices and resultant improved public healthcare services. The results revealed the significance of all three collaborative governance of public health practices. Citizen participation was the most impactful, followed by democratic accountability and procedural legitimacy. The study results are valuable to practitioners, policymakers, healthcare service providers, and governments. Among the recommendations are that collaborative governance practices should be developed, the healthcare system should be decentralized to provide the best services to citizens, and public healthcare workers' capabilities should be improved by providing proper training. © 2023, Florida Gulf Coast University. All rights reserved.

Evaluating the Federal Innovative Assessment Demonstration Authority: Early Implementation and Progress of State Efforts to Develop New Statewide Academic Assessments. Evaluation Report. NCEE 2023-004

Education officials have long hoped that the statewide academic assessments most students take each year could be used not only for accountability but also to guide instruction. Congress established the Innovative Assessment Demonstration Authority (IADA) program in 2015 to help address this goal, offering up to seven states temporary flexibility from federal testing requirements so that they may more easily make progress toward replacing their current assessments with more innovative ones. The key incentive to participate in IADA is that students trying out the innovative assessment are not required to also take the state's current assessment. However, states approved for IADA must still show that their innovative assessments meet most requirements for federal accountability, and they are expected to implement the new assessments statewide within 5 years. This report describes the progress of the first five assessment systems approved under IADA in order to help policymakers consider expanding the program to more states. The report is primarily based on an analysis of states' IADA applications and performance reports to the U.S. Department of Education through the 2020-2021 school year and is part of a broader evaluation of IADA required by Congress. [For the Appendix, see ED627873. For the Study Highlights, see ED627880.]

Localizing Responses to Gender-Based Violence: The Case of Women-Led Community-Based Organizations in Jordan

While the rationale for localizing humanitarian health response is well established at the level of policy rhetoric, the operationalization of the concept and its mainstreaming into concrete practice still require clearer intentionality. With COVID-19 pushing more people further into vulnerability, placing local communities at the heart of humanitarian and development health efforts has never been more urgent. Focusing on Jordan, this essay brings attention to the significant toll of violence against women and girls in conflict-affected communities and the importance of empowering local actors with community knowledge and resources to prevent and respond to gender-based violence. The essay follows on from the research conducted for CARE Jordan's She Is a Humanitarian report (2022) and draws on interviews I conducted with the heads of women's organizations in the summer of 2022. The essay explores the role of local women humanitarian actors as frontline responders, the challenges that hinder their role, and the advantages such actors enjoy, which, if harnessed, can achieve gains in accountability, health service quality, and gender equality.

Economic geography for and by whom? Rethinking expertise and accountability

This commentary builds on Doreen Massey's thinking on the economy and relationality to ask: who gets to produce economic knowledge and whose lives does research make visible as economic matters of concern? These questions have been thrown into sharp relief as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. While the pandemic has highlighted the need for better infrastructures of care, it has also demonstrated that the mission of ‘saving the economy' from the ravages of COVID-19 has not centred the concerns of those who have experienced the crisis most acutely. Drawing inspiration from the various economic subjects who continue to make, re-make, and articulate the economy through regular shocks and crises – workers, caregivers, and people marginalized by identity or geography – this commentary makes a case for a public economic geography that rethinks who is taken seriously as an ‘expert' on the economy, and to what publics the field speaks. This, at its heart, is a radical rethinking of accountability, calling on economic geographers to ask: what should research do for whom, and how? [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Dialogues in Human Geography is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Addressing the Need for Accountability in Public Health

The article calls for the public health community to examine who deter the issuance of deficiently supported recommendations by holding accountable public health officials who promote such recommendations. Topics discussed include advice public health advice that contradicts prevailing scientific evidence, mechanisms for accountability, and the need for self-regulation.

Protecting the NHS from Cyber Attacks

Given that cyber security underwrites public trust in digital services and technologies, the new cyber strategy sets out a vision for reducing the cyber security risk to health and social care organizations across the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC), National Health Service (NHS) organizations, local authorities, independent social care providers, and suppliers-which includes pharmaceutical manufacturers. [...]attacks can cause a complete loss of access to clinical and administrative information technology (IT) systems, resulting in significant disruption in day-to-day operations. According to the NCSC, ransomware attacks are increasingly seen to include data theft and extortion with a threat of data leaks (3). According to the UK government's recently published policy paper outlining the new cyber security strategy, "all these threats pose risk not just to patient and staff safety, but also to public trust in a health and social care system that can and must safeguard people's data" (2).

Institutions, corruption and transparency in effective healthcare public procurement: Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe

The benefits of good procurement practices in the healthcare sector are well known. Indeed, the importance of transparent, effective and efficient procurement of medical goods and services has gained momentum even more in light of the recent Covid-19 pandemic. However, there is little evidence of how traditional factors occurring on a procedure or contract level affect the effectiveness of public purchases when they take play in different institutional environments. This paper, therefore, contributes to this evidence using a large sample of public contracts in healthcare sectors awarded in 11 Central and East European Countries. The results support the previous evidence on the important role of transparency and open competitive bidding. Procedures with a prior call for competition and allowing for an unrestricted number of competitors lead to cost-effective contracts and higher direct savings. Effective government and lessening corruption have proven to facilitate better procurement outcomes, considering the financial aspects of awarded contracts. Moreover, the results on the effects of institutions contribute to the current academic debate by providing insight into the mechanism of obtaining cost-effectiveness and showing that strong institutions can play an important role in mitigating the adverse procurement outcomes related to less transparent and competition-restricting procedures.

Determinants of Attitude and the Intention to Stay of Employees in Low-Cost Carriers: Using Justice Theory

The purpose of this research is to examine the influential attributes of employees' attitudes and intentions to stay in the domain of human resources management in a low-cost carrier business. Using justice theory as a theoretical underpinning, financial compensation, nonfinancial compensation, coworker relationships, and procedural fairness were derived. The explained attributes of this research were attitude and intention to stay. This study used a survey and collected data on 233 employees in low-cost carriers as survey participants. To test the hypotheses, this study employed structural equation modeling. The results showed that attitude was positively impacted by financial compensation, nonfinancial compensation, coworker relationships, and procedural fairness. The results also revealed the positive effect of coworker relationships and attitudes on the intention to stay. This study sheds light on the literature by ensuring the explanatory power of justice theory in the area of low-cost carrier business.

Variables Affecting Congregation's Trust and Mosque Organizational Performance: Acces la Success

Mosque is a non-profit community organization, where the purpose of its establishment is not to seek profit, so this objective makes it different from commercial organizations. "Takmir" (manager of a mosque)as a manager, has the responsibility and trust of the congregation. This was explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The level of a good trust can be improved by consinously improving the quality of variabels so that the mosque organization managed can run properly and correctly and the congregation's trust can be achived. When the good mosque governance concept with the principles, internal control and services are used properly, it will be able to improve organization performance. Congregation's trust in the takmir to improve the performance of the mosque's organization can be achieved by increasing the ability, kindness and integrity of the takmir. The congregation's trust in the takmir will affect its intensity in participating in activities organized by the mosque, in which it will directly affect the performance of the mosque's organization. For Next research, it is recommended to add a variable of the concept of leadership from organizational managers. The participation variable from the congregation and the community, and professional variables, Professional someone will have a positive and significant impact on the quality of work.

Fragmented Transparency: The Visibility of Agency Science in European Union Risk Regulation

Responding to mistrust in the European agencies' risk assessments in politically salient cases, the European Union (EU) legislator, the European Food Safety Authority and the European Medicines Agency alike have accelerated their efforts to foster EU regulatory science transparency. These simultaneous endeavours have, however, taken place in a fragmented legislative and administrative context, with each agency operating under a different legal framework. By focusing on authorisation procedures, from registration of studies to authorisation of novel foods, pesticides and human medicines, this article examines the resulting regimes governing the disclosure of scientific data by EU agencies to identify common trends and sectoral specificities. Against the background of an overall shift towards enhanced transparency, we shed light on, first, the circulation of institutional arrangements and practices among agencies and, second, the new dimensions of transparency emerging from these developments. We also highlight the remaining sectoral differences and argue that they could have potentially large impacts on the amount and type of information disclosed and on the level of transparency perceived by stakeholders and citizens. We argue that more coherence across the sectoral transparency regimes is needed, in particular in light of the agencies' contested legitimacy and of their increasing cooperation on cross-cutting issues like antimicrobial resistance and medicine and pesticide residues in food.

Performance reporting in the healthcare sector: evidence from Italian healthcare organisations

PurposeThe present research aims to understand the performance disclosure levels provided by Italian healthcare organisations (HCOs). The authors conducted this study to assess the transparency of HCOs' performance reporting processes by examining the amount and the type of information disclosed in Annual Performance Reports (APRs).Design/methodology/approachThe present study uses a qualitative research methodology based on manual content analysis. The APRs of a sample of 171 Italian public HCOs were analysed.FindingsResults evidence that the APRs provide a sufficient level of disclosure of performance information, putting high attention on the epidemiological conditions;however, the APRs do not present a strong information function for stakeholders' decision-making purposes. The Italian HCOs APRs are not easily understandable because the APRs are not very concise and present information mainly in discursive terms with limited graphic support.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first research investigating both the extent and type of performance information reported by Italian HCOs in the APRs, considering the particular contextual conditions caused by the most significant challenge the healthcare (HC) sector has faced in recent years: the epidemiological crisis of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study also explores whether APRs are currently used by HCOs as a merely regulatory requirement or as an information tool for accountability and decision-making purposes.

The forgotten war: Yemen and human security

This research examines the significance of having all seven aspects of human security. A series of questions were directed toward a sample of Yemeni participants living inside and outside of Yemen in order to get an insight into the daily struggles they face as a result of conflict. The interviews reveal the impact war has on human security and the absence of all seven components of human security put forward by the United Nations. This research argues that security in every shape and form is extremely important as all seven components are interlinked. As the world's attention is on Ukraine and the impact of the Russia–Ukraine War on civilians, this article pushes the reader to question the deafening silence of the world when it comes to the situation in Yemen. Without acknowledgment, raising awareness, and holding those in charge of the war accountable for their wrongdoings, change will never prevail.

Evaluating the Federal Innovative Assessment Demonstration Authority: Early Implementation and Progress of State Efforts to Develop New Statewide Academic Assessments. Study Highlights. NCEE 2023-004h

Education officials have long hoped that the statewide academic assessments most students take each year could be used not only for accountability but also to guide instruction. Congress established the Innovative Assessment Demonstration Authority (IADA) program in 2015 to help address this goal, offering up to seven states flexibility from federal requirements so that they may more easily make progress toward replacing their current assessments with more innovative ones. The report describes the early progress of the first five IADA systems to help policymakers consider expanding the program to more states. The report is primarily based on analyses of states' IADA applications and annual performance reports through the 2020-2021 school year and is part of a broader evaluation of IADA required by Congress. This Study Highlights describes the key findings from the report. [For the full report, see ED627872. For the Appendix, see ED627873.]

Realistic cosmopolitism and common debt: Pogge, Habermas and Lafont in the european cosmopolitan turn

The objective of the paper is to link the philosophical debate on cosmopolitanism developed between Jurgen Habermas, Thomas Pogge and Cristina Lafont with the current process of transformation of the European Union that is generated from the crisis of COVID 19. We analysed the tensions between the national identities and human rights;the moral legitimacy of global and continental taxes is debated;the tensions between state and supra-state sovereignty are questioned, and, finally, the discussion about the limits that define what is fair and the justice in the so-called: "New Generation of the EU".

Surveillance and the power of platforms

It is a truism that the power of platform companies rests, among other things, on their capacity to engage in surveillance. Their existence depends on the acquisition and analysis of data, which fuels their movement, that is steered by algorithms. Surveillance capitalism, usually instantiated in the activities of platform companies, expanded even more markedly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Platforms have ambiguous relations with already existing corporations and government agencies, often leading to tension and conflict. Also, surveillance enabled by the massive datasets used by platforms does not have uniform outcomes. Its operations sort populations into categories, enabling differential treatment, which may be experienced negatively by some vulnerable groups. This includes groups experiencing precarity, and in particular places. An emergent kind of power is visible in surveillance-dependent platform companies, raising critical questions of political resistance and legal regulation.

Perils of the Commercialised Private Healthcare Sector for Patients: Analysis of Patients' Experiences from COVID-19 Pandemic in Maharashtra, India

Although the ramifications of a weakly regulated, commercialised private sector have always been prevalent, the COVID-19 pandemic has further exposed its magnitude and implications for patients in India. Although much is being studied about the health system's response to the pandemic, the recipient of the system, that is, the patient seems to be less attended in analysis. This article analyses patients' experiences while seeking healthcare from the private sector in the context of state-imposed regulations over them during the pandemic. A qualitative study was conducted in Maharashtra, India and 30 in-depth interviews of patients who faced difficulties in availing treatment from private hospitals during the pandemic were conducted using purposive sampling. The study reveals the myriad of catastrophic challenges patients faced, their vulnerability and helplessness with private hospitals during the pandemic. It demonstrates the character of ruthless privatisation that operates in health care with rampant overcharging and the failure of regulation of the private sector during the crisis. The study concludes by pointing out the need for state intervention in the regulation of the private sector and emphasises the need to strengthen the public health system and place effective accountability mechanisms with the legal instrument to safeguard people's interests from corporate privatisation. © 2023 SAGE Publications.

Measuring global pandemic governance: how countries respond to COVID-19

Covid-19 is an unprecedented crisis that faces the majority of governments around the world. The pandemic has resulted in substantial changes to government work cultures, financial management, and the implementation of good governance. The paper has shown how these governments react to the crisis caused by Covid-19. We analyse strategy, policy, and financial management when facing Covid-19 and give a result that will contribute to the development of crisis governance field. In this article, we argue that the most successful action in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in high income, upper-middle income, and lower-middle income countries is guided by the implementation of good governance principles. Data used in this research was obtained from the World Health Organization and the World Bank. The results indicate that countries that have been able to manage the COVID-19 pandemic have good governance indicators, such as voice and accountability, political stability and absence of violence/terrorism, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of corruption.

Sustainability Accounting in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID-19 pandemic has caused a remarkable change in the corporate accountability process, determining the development of accounting and its role in sustainable decision making. This research contributes to understand the role of sustainability accounting in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. The thesis is that sustainability accounting may strengthen corporate responsibility and accountability during a crisis situation, like a pandemic. In this perspective there are presented crucial sustainability accounting fields, like valuation of sustainable development goals, managerial control and sustainability reporting. The research methodology is based on descriptive and comparative analysis, and the inductive and deductive reasoning helps to reach the presented conclusions. The paper presents scientific achievements in the area of sustainability accounting in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research results indicate the directions of sustainability accounting development against business conditions during the pandemic and new expectations of stakeholders. They may be important for sustainability management in uncertain times of the pandemic. Since limited study exists that examine accounting in times of corona virus pandemic, little is known about the role of sustainability accounting during this period. This paper contributes to filling this gap. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.